Debian 12 systemctl 的使用
1、注册 systemctl 服务
编辑 .service 文件:
nano /etc/systemd/system/myapp.service文件内容示例:
[Unit]
Description=My Custom Application
After=network.target
[Service]
ExecStart=/usr/bin/python3 /opt/myapp/app.py
Restart=always
User=nobody
Group=nogroup
[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target重新加载 systemd 配置:
systemctl daemon-reload启动服务:
systemctl start myapp开机自启:
systemctl enable myapp2、完全卸载一个 systemctl 服务
停止服务:
systemctl stop myapp禁用开机自启:
systemctl disable myapp删除服务文件:
rm /etc/systemd/system/myapp.service重载 systemd 配置:
systemctl daemon-reload(可选)清理残留信息
systemctl reset-failed myapp3、查看服务日志(journalctl)
| 功能 | 命令示例 |
|---|---|
| 查看服务日志 | journalctl -u nginx |
| 实时跟踪日志 | journalctl -f -u nginx |
| 最近 50 行日志 | journalctl -u nginx -n 50 |
| 当前启动日志 | journalctl -u nginx -b |
| 按时间范围过滤 | journalctl --since "1 hour ago" -u nginx |
| 按错误级别过滤 | journalctl -u nginx -p err |